The next population census in Wallis and Futuna will take place in 2023. For example the name of Berry, though no longer having an official status, remains in widespread use in daily life. The French Constitution provides that, in general, French laws and regulations (France's civil code, penal code, administrative law, social laws, tax laws, etc.) As a result, most of the people on the atoll died of malnutrition or by trying to escape. How Many Countries Are There In The World? The people of Runion are very multiethnic, with groups of African, Indian, Malagasy, Chinese, and European descent. Here, in alphabetical order, the list of metropolitan departments. Le Pen's overseas programme lays out plans for the creation of a new ministerial post for Overseas France and the Sea, an extension of the current Minister's remit. As Mayotte has a specific status compared to other overseas territories, we recommend that you consult the following fact sheets: France has 12 overseas territories. [11] This reform project has since been scrapped. At its height in 1929, the French Empire controlled roughly 8.7% of the worlds surface, including large parts of Africa and Asia. French Guiana is the only French overseas territory that is not an island. The most important of these are communes (boroughs), each with its mayor. This page was last edited on 25 June 2023, at 18:50. It houses a population of 34,065 on an area of 53.2 km2 . The total land area of the French territory is 1,628 km2, and its population is approximately 400,000. A law passed in 1982 enhanced decentralization by increasing the powers and authority of the dpartements. The islands natural and cultural advantages provide strong potential and the sharp increase in the number of air passengers, together with the introduction of a direct flight between Paris and Mayotte, are leveraging growth. Emmanuel Macron attracted more than 80% of the vote in more than 1,000 communes. The capital, Mamoudzou, is located on the eastern coast of the main island, Mayotte (also called Grande Terre). Check out our visit France page. Ninety-six departments are in metropolitan France, and five are overseas departments, which are also classified as overseas regions. Each overseas collectivity has its own statutory laws. These global influences, according to many Creole writers, are precisely what makes someone runionnais (from Runion). List of French departments: Departments have various types of subdivision. Your tremendous support helps FrenchCrazy provide access to French learners across the globe. It is bordered to the south and east by Brazil, and to the west by Suriname. The French Overseas Departments and Territories ( French: dpartements et territoires d'outre-mer, colloquially referred to as the DOM-TOM [dmtm] [1]) consist of all the French -administered territories outside of the European continent. French overseas communities and territories (CTOM) are: Enter your search term and press enter to validate, Settling in Frances overseas Departments and Regions, Long-stay visa equivalent to a residence permit (VLS-TS), Highlyskilledemployees: Talent Passport European Union Blue Card, Recruiting a foreign employee: cost for the employer, Graduates Talent Passport Qualified employee, Talent Passport Employee of a young innovative company (JEI), Talent Passport innovative business project, Fact sheet : Employees hired by a French company, Employees transferred within a group: Talent Passport Employee on assignment, Temporary residence permit Entrepreneur/independent professional, Residence certificate for Non-salaried professions, Appointed Directors : Passport talent Company director, Temporary residence permit marked Temporary worker, Intra-corporate transferees (ICT) : seconded employees, Temporary residence permit marked Employee, Fact sheet: Accompanying family simplified procedure, Travel document for foreign minors (DCEM), Family members of an EU, EEA or Swiss Nationals, the French Southern and Antarctic Lands; and. A small number of local governments, known as collectivits territoriales statut particulier (territorial collectivities with special status), have slightly different administrative frameworks; among these are the island of Corsica and the large cities of Paris, Lyon, and Marseille. The region, which includes a main island, smaller island, and numerous islets, encompasses a total area of 374 km 2 and has an estimated population of 270,372. French Guiana is the only French overseas territory that is not an island. French-administered territories outside Europe, "Overseas territories of France" redirects here. The overseas collectivity of Saint Martin is located in the West Indies. New Caledonia became a French colony in the 19th century. ", "Sous le Snat de l'Empire - Personnalits - Emmanuel-Joseph Sieys - Snat", "Carte de France la rvolution: cration des dpartements", " Code INSEE: dfinition et explications", "Franois Hollande fixe les rgions 14 et la fin des dpartements 2020", "La fin du pouvoir provincial (4 aot 1789-21 septembre 1791)", "24 mars 1860 - La France reoit Nice et la Savoie - Herodote.net", "La fusion dpartement-rgion n'est pas l'ordre du jour", "Les 20 propositions du Comit (20 propositions of the Committee)", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Departments_of_France&oldid=1159124521, Ceased to exist following the annexation of. The rgions. Historical derivations in, Overseas departments and regions of France, overseas countries and territories and outermost regions, Overseas Territories of France (European Parliament constituency), Special member state territories and the European Union, "Estimation de population au 1er janvier, par dpartement, sexe et grande classe d'ge", Ministry of the overseas departments and territories, past and current developments of France's overseas administrative divisions like DOMs and TOMs, List of administrative divisions by country, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Overseas_departments_and_regions_of_France&oldid=1161457248, Geography articles needing translation from French Wikipedia, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2018, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0. info) or /frns/; French pronunciation: ), officially the French Republic (French: Rpublique franaise, French pronunciation: [epyblik fsz]), is a country in Western Europe. Party affiliation of the General Council Presidents of the various departments in the cantonal elections of 1998. While citizens in each department elected their own officials, the local governments were subordinated to the central government, becoming instruments of national integration. Last population census in July 2018. Their capitals are called prfectures . The overseas collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon was an overseas department from 1976 to 1985. They have exactly the same status as mainland France's regions and departments. The next most populous group is people of European descent. The overseas departments and regions are not the same as the overseas collectivities, which have a semi-autonomous status. 1975, 1982, 1990, 1999 census, 2007, 2015, 2019, 2022 estimate. apply to French overseas regions just as in metropolitan France, but can be adapted as needed to suit the region's particular needs. French mayors are usually strong and often dominate the life of the commune. Where a Napoleonic department was composed of parts from more than one country, the nation-state containing the prefecture is listed. by Sarah Dale | Visit France, Visit French Guiana, Visit Guadeloupe, Visit Martinique | 0 comments. 2, French classification of products - CPF Rev. Since March 2011, the five overseas departments and regions of France are: Guadeloupe and Runion each have separate departmental and regional councils, while in Mayotte, Guiana and Martinique, the two layers of government are consolidated so one body wields both sets of powers. Each department has a coat of arms and a flag with which it is commonly associated, though not all are officially recognised or used. Serge Nubret (Professional bodybuilder, author and actor). conseils gnraux [plur.]). Mayotte became an overseas department on 31 March 2011.[2]. These include the 21 metropolitan rgions of mainland France as well as the 5 overseas rgions of Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, Mayotte, and Runion. Mayotte is an overseas department and region of France located in the Indian Ocean, where it has borders Mozambique and Madagascar. Learn how your comment data is processed. The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture (sous-prfecture) or chef-lieu d'arrondissement. Each of France's 107 departments is made up of a number of smaller administrative areas, known as communes. As integral parts of France and the European Union, overseas departments are represented in the National Assembly, Senate, and Economic and Social Council, vote to elect members of the European Parliament (MEP), and also use the euro as their currency. The most populous is Nord (2,550,000) and the least populous is Lozre (74,000). Independence was proclaimed in 1975 by the Indian Ocean archipelago of the Comoros, with the exception of Mayotte (Mahor) island, which chose to remain within French rule; in 1977 by Djibouti, on the Horn of Africa; and in 1980 by the Anglo-French Pacific Ocean condominium of the New Hebrides, under the name of Vanuatu. On a visit to the French overseas department of Mayotte at the weekend, Interior Minister Grald Darmanin vowed to . Its port infrastructure is comprised of 13 multipurpose ports, 10 fishing ports and three marinas. Guadeloupe was once called Karukera, or island of beautiful waters. So it is not surprising that many people continue to travel to the islands for the white sandy beaches, mountainous tropical rainforest and the mangrove. Despite the intention to avoid the old nomenclature, often the names of pre-1790 provinces remained in use. Hence, the local administrations of French overseas regions cannot themselves pass new laws. The total land area of Wallis and Futuna is 142 km2, and the total population is approximately 11,000. [citation needed]. Regions in Northern France A Quick Guide, Gender and Prepositions of Countries in French, Paris for First Time Visitors (Day Guide), French Military Contributions to the Ukrainian-Russian War, France Falls Short in 2022 World Cup Final. Many translated example sentences containing "overseas departments of France" - French-English dictionary and search engine for French translations. Like the other DROM, French is the official language of education and public services, although it is only spoken by around 40 % of the population, as most Mahorans speak Shimaore and Shibushi. Frdric Lefebvre, spokesman for the UMP, said in December 2008 that the fusion of the departments with the regions was a matter to be dealt with soon. The 1822 territorial division of Spain (reverted due to the 1823 French intervention ending the trienio liberal) and the 1833 territorial division of Spain, which forms the basis of the present day Provinces of Spain with minor modifications is also based on the French model of departments of roughly equal size.[9]. Like Guadeloupe, it is also considered part of France. In 1982, Martinique was made a region of France. Detached from Guadeloupe on 22 February 2007. In the third referendum, in December 2021, 96.5% rejected independence but the turnout was only 43.9%. All are officially part of France, with the same political status as the departments in Europe; and are therefore different to overseas territories. FrenchCrazy.com features articles on how to learn French. French overseas territories or TOM are the French Austral and Antarctic lands. Thus, the territory became Frances 101st department. We also talk extensively about how to live in France and about French culture. When you click on outbound links and purchase or sign up for services, we may receive a small commission at no additional cost to you. Thanks to its overseas territories, France is the only European Union country found on three different oceans. apply to French overseas regions the same as in metropolitan France, but can be adapted as needed to suit the region's particular needs. FrenchCrazy Media LLC. The departments were created in 1790 as a rational replacement of Ancien Rgime provinces with a view to strengthen national unity;[4] the title "department" is used to mean a part of a larger whole. Bordering Suriname and Brazil, Guyane means land of waters in Arawak, an indigenous language that is still spoken alongside French, Guianese Creole and other languages. From a legal and administrative standpoint, these four classes have varying legal status and levels of autonomy, although all permanently inhabited territories have representation in both France's National Assembly and Senate, which together make up the French Parliament. Efforts have been made to group communes or to bring them closer to one another, but these have been only partly successful. It elects a mayor and the mayors assistants. A department can also be subdivided further but that's purely administrative and those segments, like cantons or arrondissements, aren't used often enough to worry about. Each of these departments makes up a single-department region, called an "overseas region" since the constitutional revision of 2003. The French first used it as a slave colony and then subsequently a penal colony. It is bordered to the south and east by Brazil, and to the west by Suriname. The eleven inhabited French overseas territories are: Several of these territories are generally only transiently inhabited by researchers in scientific stations. In the Pacific, Atlantic or Indian Oceans, you'll find a delectable mix of sun and French joie-de-vivre. In 1798 the Russian Admiral Fyodor Ushakov evicted the French from these islands, and though France regained them via the Treaty of Tilsit in 1807, the three departments were not revived. Anne Collette (Actress) Seafood-related trade puts Cayenne in fourth place for French fishing ports. All are officially part of France, with the same political status as the departments in Europe; and are therefore different to overseas territories. Their main areas of responsibility include the management of a number of social and welfare allowances, of junior high school (collge) buildings and technical staff, and local roads and school and rural buses, and a contribution to municipal infrastructures. Known as Guyane in French, this region has the largest area of the French Overseas Departments at 83,534 km2 thats slightly bigger than Austria! The first French settlements were established around 1624. This was determined according to the time taken to travel on horseback from the periphery of the department. It has been an overseas collectivity ever since. ), while the smallest is the city of Paris (105km2; 40 sq. Between the 17th and 19th centuries, immigrants from China and the Indian Subcontinent came to settle in Runion. Fatima Ousseni (Feminist and the first female lawyer in Mayotte) Lands generally uninhabited, except by researchers in scientific stations. Settling in Frances overseas Departments and Regions. The two-digit code "98" is used by Monaco. The General Council is responsible for all the main departmental services: welfare, health, administration, and departmental employment. 25 km including the outlying uninhabited islets. Departments are further subdivided into 332 arrondissements,[1] and these are . It is situated in the Mozambique Channel of the western Indian Ocean, about 190 miles (310 km) northwest of Madagascar. A 'dpartement' is an administrative unit, with regions above it and communes (these can be towns or villages) below. The overseas departments and regions of France are departments of France that are outside metropolitan France, the European part of France. Overseas Territories of France (European Parliament constituency), Overseas departments and regions of France, 16th legislature of the French Fifth Republic, Overseas Territories of France constituency, List of islands administered by France in the Indian and Pacific oceans, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Special member state territories and the European Union, "Encyclopdie Larousse en ligne - France d'outre-mer", "Sea Around Us Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity", "Estimation de population par rgion, sexe et grande classe d'ge - Annes 1975 2023", "Les populations lgales de Polynsie franaise en 2022 - Recensement de la population", "Bilan dmographique 2020-2021: une dynamique dmographique en berne dans un contexte atypique", "Populations lgales des collectivits d'outre-mer en 2020 - Recensement de la population", "Populations lgales des circonscriptions des les Wallis et Futuna en 2018 - Recensement de la population", "Letter of Information from the Mayor to the residents and non-residents, to the French and to the foreigners, of Saint Barthelemy", "Saint-Barth To Become An Overseas Collectivity", "Treaty of Lisbon, Article 2, points 287 and 293", "Final results of New Caledonia referendum shows most voters stayed away", "Tableaux de l'Economie Caldonienne 2016", "New Caledonia rejects independence in final vote amid boycott", "Populations lgales 2017 des dpartements et collectivits d'outre-mer", "2008, An 1 de la collectivit de Saint-Barthlemy", "2008, An 1 de la collectivitde Saint-Martin", "Terres Australes et Antarctiques Franaises: Donnes gographiques et humaines", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Overseas_France&oldid=1161901578, Dependent territories of European countries, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2023, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0. The territory is situated in the South Pacific Ocean, to the northeast of the Cook Islands and to the northwest of the Pitcairn Islands. The total land area of Martinique is 1,060 km2, and its population is approximately 375,000. [13] The process began on 4 August 1789 with the elimination of provincial privileges, and a 22 December 1789 decree (with letters patent in January 1790) provided for the termination of the provincial governments.[13]. A small part of Haut-Rhin, however, remained French and became known as the Territoire de Belfort; the remaining parts of Meurthe and Moselle were merged into a new Meurthe-et-Moselle department. These arrondissements are further divided into a total of 2,504 cantons. over eight million hectares. Runion is the most populous overseas territory of France. Thus, it is part of the European Union and uses the Euro as its currency. Located at the northern entrance of the Mozambique Channel and 150 miles from Madagascar, the island of Mayotte has been a crossroads for maritime trade between Europe and the Indian Ocean for centuries. "Energy . Saint Martin also includes some smaller islands in the surrounding ocean. [4] Its exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of 9,825,538km2 (3,793,661sqmi) accounts for 96.7% of the EEZ of the French Republic.[5]. The total land area of Saint Pierre and Miquelon is 242 km2, and its population is an estimated 5,700. It is situated between Comoros and the large African island country of Madagascar. 5 Overseas departments-regions (Dpartement d'outre-mer - DOM; Rgion d'outre-mer - ROM): Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, La Runion and Mayotte; 5 Overseas communities (Collectivits d'outre-mer - COM): French Polynesia, Wallis and Futuna, Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, Saint-Barthlmy, Saint-Martin; The island provides an ideal bridgehead for the expansion of economic activities towards these regions. Population: 45 researchers in winter, 110 in summer. In the overseas departments and regions (DROM), the entry and stay of foreign talents as well as the exercise of a professional activity is possible under the same conditions as in mainland France. Today, French Guiana is home to the Guiana Space Center, where both the French government and the European Space Agency have launched more than 20 rockets and satellites since 1970! The special territories of EU Member states are not separately represented in the EU Council. In 2014, President Franois Hollande proposed abolishing departmental councils by 2020, which would have maintained the departments as administrative divisions, and transferring their powers to other levels of governance. But when the Mexican Civil War ensued, the supply shipments to Clipperton Island stopped. ), and a population between 320,000 and 1 million. Referendum for independence to occur sometime during the period of 2014 to 2019. France currently has five overseas departments ( French: dpartement d'outre-mer ), which are departments (territorial divisions) that are outside the European part of the country. Most French departments are assigned a two-digit number, the Official Geographical Code, allocated by the Institut national de la statistique et des tudes conomiques (Inse). 2,685,705 people lived in the overseas departments and territories in January 2011.[1]. The fact that it is part of French national territory, coupled with its status as an EU ultraperipheral region, mean that the island is aligned with French standards in terms of business climate, whilst being able to represent Europe in a thriving region with a North American influence. French Guiana is located on the north Atlantic coast of South America. apply to French overseas regions the same as in metropolitan France, but can be adapted as needed to suit the region's particular needs. One of the main features of decentralization in French government has evolved through the creation of the rgions. Divers Droite (DVD) = Independent conservatives. African slaves also made it to the island during that time. Here is our quick guide to these amazing places! The 101 French dpartements are now grouped into 13 metropolitan and five overseas rgions. The population of all five overseas departments totaled 2,208,000 in January 2023. Overseas France (French: France d'outre-mer)[note 3] consists of 13 French-administered territories outside Europe, mostly the remains of the French colonial empire that remained a part of the French state under various statuses after decolonization. French overseas departments or DROM are Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, Runion and Mayotte. The atoll is situated 1,090 km southwest of Mexico. This is 4.7% of the 577 dputs and 6% of the 343 senators. Since then, no one has attempted to colonize the island. The overseas departments acquired these additional powers in 1982, when France's decentralisation policy dictated that they be given elected regional councils and other regional powers; however, the term "overseas region" was only introduced with the French constitutional amendment of 28 March 2003. Raymond Barre (Prime Minister of France from 1976 to 1981 under President Giscard dEstaing) It also includes various departments and territories of France overseas. Overseas departments and regions are completely part of France. Each overseas department is the sole department in its own overseas region (French: rgion d'outre-mer) with powers identical to the regions of metropolitan France. The remaining part of the island is Sint Maarten, that is government by the Netherlands. [13], The number of departments, initially 83, had been increased to 130 by 1809 with the territorial gains of the Republic and of the First French Empire. This DOM is often known as the France of the Indian Ocean, because of its strong cultural and economic links with mainland France, and linguistic and gastronomic influences from India, Madagascar, China and many other countries. [13] Their boundaries served two purposes: The old nomenclature was carefully avoided in naming the new departments. With few exceptions, the departments had this role until the early 1960s. Moreover, since the 1999 law on Regional Planning and Sustainable Development, the communes within urban areas of more than 50,000 inhabitants have been encouraged to pool resources and responsibilities to promote joint development projects by means of a new form of administrative unit known as the communaut dagglomration. "Overseas France" is a collective name; while used in everyday life in France, it is not an administrative designation in its own right. The younger mountains and adjacent plains, Gaul and Germany at the end of the 5th century, The shrinking of the frontiers and peripheral areas, Austrasian hegemony and the rise of the Pippinids, The partitioning of the Carolingian empire, The development of institutions in the Carolingian age, The influence of the church on society and legislation, Economy, society, and culture in the Middle Ages (, Economy, society, and culture in the 14th and 15th centuries, The influence of Montesquieu and Rousseau, The French Revolution and Napoleon, 17891815, The restoration and constitutional monarchy, The Great Depression and political crises, Society and culture under the Third Republic, The euro-zone crisis and the Socialist resurgence. France granted Mayotte, known as a departmental collectivity from 2001, the status of overseas dpartement in 2011. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. With the creation in 1964 of new dpartements in the Paris region and the dividing in two of Corsica in 1976, the number of dpartements reached 100: 96 in metropolitan France and 4 overseas (Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, and Runion, which are simultaneously administered as rgions). The majority of French Polynesians live on the island of Tahiti, which is the capital and largest island of the collectivity. The division of France into departments was a project particularly identified with the French revolutionary leader the Abb Sieys,[6][7] although it had already been frequently discussed and written about by many politicians and thinkers. Nevertheless, New Caledonia does enjoy a wide degree of autonomy. All the statistics are available for this territory. Departments are further subdivided into 332 arrondissements, and these are divided . Because of the one-to-one correspondence, informal usage does not distinguish the two, and the French media use the term dpartement d'outre-mer (DOM) almost exclusively. Alphanumeric codes 2A and 2B were used for Corsica while it was split but it has since reverted to 20. Excluding the district of Adlie Land, where French sovereignty is effective de jure by French law, but where the French exclusive claim on this part of Antarctica is frozen by the Antarctic Treaty (signed in 1959), overseas France covers a land area of 120,396km2 (46,485sqmi)[3] and accounts for 18.0% of the French Republic's land territory. Like Guadeloupe, Martinique is located in the Antilles. French communes are typically quite small; there are more than 36,500 of them. Each overseas department is the sole department in its own overseas region ( French: rgion d'outre-mer) with powers identical to the regions of metropolitan France.
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